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  • 10 facts about Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil

    10 facts about Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Brazil

    One of the most beautiful destinations in Brazil is also one of the most interesting. Discover amazing facts that will make you fall in love with Lençóis Maranhenses National Park!

    Spanning 1,550 km² (155,000 hectares), Brazil’s Lençóis Maranhenses is a protected area in the northeastern state of Maranhão that features a surreal mix of white sand dunes, seasonal freshwater lagoons, mangroves, and remote fishing villages.

    At first glance, it looks like a typical desert, but here’s your first fact about Lençóis Maranhenses National Park: its almost supernatural beauty holds secrets that reveal the complexity of nature and the exclusivity of phenomena that occur in the sand dunes of Brazil—and nowhere else in the world.

    Curious to learn more? PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours, has put together 10 facts about this fascinating destination. Check them out below!

    1. It’s not actually a desert

    Brazil doesn’t have deserts like the Sahara, but it does have Lençóis Maranhenses, a desert-like area formed by vast sand dunes, high biodiversity, and almost 2,000 mm of annual rain—more than entire cities like London and Berlin.

    Extensive white sand dunes meet a seasonal crystal-clear green lagoon in the Lencois Maranhenses National Park.
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    As a wet desert, Lençóis’ intricate environment involves meteorological and geological factors that have been occurring for thousands of years.

    👉 Read more: How Are the Dunes and Lagoons in Lençóis Maranhenses Formed?

    2. Timing is everything when you visit Lençóis Maranhenses

    One of the key facts about Lencois Maranhenses National Park is that the landscape changes dramatically with the seasons.

    Aerial view of white sand dunes and freshwater lagoons stretching across the Lencois Maranhenses landscape under a blue sky.
    Julius Dadalti

    From February to April, the rains fill the dunes with freshwater lagoons. Between May and September, they’re at their peak, perfect for swimming and photography. By September, many begin to dry up, revealing a significantly more arid terrain.

    No matter the month, traveling to Lençóis is worth your while. Each season offers a different way to experience this jaw-dropping destination, from lagoon-filled hikes to dune crossings under wide, open skies.

    👉 Read more: When is the best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses?

    3. The dunes can reach up to 40 meters high

    If you’re wondering just how massive Brazil’s sand dunes can get, Lençóis Maranhenses will surprise you.

    Silhouettes of three people walking on top of a sand dune in Lencois Maranhenses during sunrise, with clouds in the background.
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    Some dunes rise up to 40 meters, the equivalent of a 10-story building. Walking across them feels like stepping into another world. The sand is fine, pale, and soft underfoot, while each step reveals sweeping views of blue and green lagoons nestled in the valleys below.

    It’s physically demanding but visually rewarding, especially during sunrise or sunset, when the light paints the dunes in golden hues.

    4. Some lagoons have fish

    Did you know there’s fish in Lençóis Maranhenses? According to scientific studies, some of the 36,000 lagoons across the national park are inhabited by wolf fish. During the dry season, they bury themselves in the mud and enter a state of dormancy that only ends when it starts to rain once again.

    School of small silver fish swimming in the clear, turquoise water of a freshwater lagoon in Lençóis Maranhenses.
    Photo: Isadora Sá

    This natural adaptation demonstrates how the dunes are extremely rich in terms of biodiversity, proving that resilience is an intrinsic part of environments driven by the complexity of nature.

    5. Access points

    There are three main gateways to Lençóis Maranhenses, Brazil: Barreirinhas, Santo Amaro, and Atins.

    Barreirinhas Lencois Maranhenses acess

    Barreirinhas is the most developed, offering daily tours, river transport, and great infrastructure. Santo Amaro is quieter, with easier access to some of the most stunning lagoons, perfect for travelers who want to avoid crowds. Atins is remote and laid-back, popular with backpackers and kite surfers.

    Each base city offers a different way to explore this unique region, whether you’re seeking convenience, immersion, or solitude.

    👉 Read more: How to get to Lençóis Maranhenses?

    6. Hollywood famous

    While Lençóis Maranhenses is not as famous as the Amazon Rainforest or the Pantanal, it’s not an unknown destination. In fact, it’s Hollywood famous.

    Aerial view of one of the gateway cities, showing a dark river with small boats meeting the extensive sand dunes.
    Marvel

    The park’s surreal landscape of white sand and rain-filled lagoons was featured in Avengers: Infinity War, representing Vormir, the fictional planet where the powerful Soul Stone is hidden. The scenes were shot in Atins, one of the base cities of Lençóis.

    7. The area has been inhabited for centuries

    While it might look untouched, Lençóis Maranhenses National Park has a long human history. Villages like Queimada dos Britos and Baixa Grande, located deep within the dunes, have been inhabited for generations.

    A smiling older man and woman look out the window of a rustic, white-washed house with a thatched palm roof in Lençóis Maranhenses.
    Photo: Isadora Sá

    The families there live in harmony with the environment, depending on small-scale agriculture, fishing, and, in recent years, sustainable tourism. Their presence adds cultural depth to the region, showing that Brazil’s sand dunes are not just a pretty background but a living, breathing community space.

    8. Recognised by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site

    In 2024, Lençóis Maranhenses National Park received one of the highest recognitions on the planet: it was officially declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

    Facts about Lencois Maranhenses UNESCO

    This status highlights not only its surreal beauty but also its ecological importance and the need for long-term preservation. With its rare combination of vast white dunes, seasonal rainwater lagoons, mangroves, and traditional communities, the park stands out as a global landmark of nature and culture.

    9. Not just sightseeing: plenty of adventure

    Although they possess a stunning beauty, the Lençóis Maranhenses in Brazil are not merely a backdrop for contemplation and photos worthy of spotlight on social media.

    10 facts about Lencois Maranhenses Brazil adventure
    Ma Rabelo

    As an ecotourism destination, the national park offers many adventures beyond swimming in the lagoons, such as multi-day treks—which also include overnight stays in the homes of local residents—4×4 expeditions, boiacross or boat tours on the Preguiças River, and kitesurfing at Atins Beach.

    10. You’ll probably lose your sense of direction

    Among the most surprising facts about Lencois Maranhenses is how easy it is to lose your bearings once you’re deep inside the park. The landscape repeats itself in every direction, endless hills of white sand with no roads, signs, or clear landmarks. 

    10 Facts about Lencois Maranhenses

    That’s why guided tours are highly recommended—not only for safety but also to ensure visitors actually reach the lagoons and remote villages. Venturing into the park without a professional guide is not advisable.

    Getting a bit disoriented, however, is part of the charm. Many travelers say that’s when the magic begins, when you stop trying to control the journey and let the scenery take over.

    Delve into Lençóis Maranhenses National Park with PlanetaEXO

    Ready to be enchanted by the paradisiacal landscapes of Lençóis Maranhenses in Brazil?

    PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform that specializes in Lençóis Maranhenses tours. When you travel with us, we connect you with the best local operators to ensure an unforgettable vacation. From bookings to tailor-made itineraries, our team is always ready to help. Contact us now!

  • What’s the Best Time of the Year for Amazon River Cruises in Brazil?

    What’s the Best Time of the Year for Amazon River Cruises in Brazil?

    The activities of river cruises in the Amazon Rainforest differ depending on the season, making each trip totally remarkable

    As ecotourism tours in the Amazon become even more comfortable and focused on exploring nature responsibly, river cruises are great for travelers looking for comfort, rich itineraries, eco-friendly practices, and one-of-a-kind experiences.

    Considering the influence of the seasons on nature destinations, it’s common to wonder when is the best time of the year for Amazon river cruises in Brazil. Knowing this, in fact, is crucial for efficient vacation planning.

    That’s why PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specialized in Amazon Rainforest tours in Brazil, has created a guide to help you understand the proper time for your river cruise. See more below!

    Best time of the year to go on Amazon cruises in Brazil

    Amazon jungle cruises can be enjoyed all year long! Even during periods when rainfall is significantly lower, the forest is humid enough that the rivers are always full for boats to pass through. The experience only becomes unfeasible during periods of extreme drought, but situations like that are atypical.

    During different seasons (wet and dry), cruises operate normally, but activities change to accommodate weather variations and flooding in some areas of the forest.

    In other words, you’ll discover the wonders of the Amazon regardless of the season, though your itinerary will vary according to the time of year.

    A multi-deck Amazon river cruise boat floating on calm waters reflecting the dense green forest vegetation.
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    👉 Read more:

    Amazon river cruises in Brazil: rainy season (December to May)

    The rain is frequent and heavy in the wet season. As the rivers get higher, the Amazon Basin starts to flood and some parts of the forest become submerged — that’s what locals call igapós.

    For that reason, passengers leave the vessels and enjoy specific activities, such as:

    • Canoeing and swimming through treetops in igapós
    • Boat trips and other water-related activities in Anavilhanas National Park, Alter do Chão and the Mamirauá Reserve
    • Wildlife watching — mostly Amazon pink dolphins, birds and mammals that usually climb trees to avoid the water
    A riverboat navigating a winding channel in the Amazon Rainforest surrounded by thick tropical canopy.
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    👉 Read more: When is the Best Time to visit the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil

    Amazon river cruise in Brazil: dry season (June to November)

    Less rain means lower water levels. As the rivers start to shrink, hiking trails are unblocked by the drainage of flooded areas.

    Therefore, it’s easier to spot some aquatic or semiquatic animals, who concentrate on smaller zones in the water.

    If you go on an Amazon boat cruise during the dry season, your itinerary will probably include:

    • Hiking in the forest, as well as visiting waterfalls and exploring caves
    • River beaches in Alter do Chão, Anavilhanas, Jaú National Park and near Manaus
    • Night spotlighting — mostly caimans, but other nocturnal animals might also be spotted
    Travelers jumping from the top deck of a river cruise boat into the Amazon River at sunset during an adventurous ecotourism trip
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    👉 Read more: How to get to the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil?

    What should I pack for an Amazon Rainforest river cruise?

    As you can see, the best time of the year for Amazon river cruises in Brazil depends on what experience you’re looking for.

    Whether you plan your trip during the wet or the dry season, here are some essential items you should definitely pack:

    • Light clothes: t-shirts, long-sleeved shirts (preferably with UV protection), pants, shorts, hats or caps, swimwear
    • Shoes: flip-flops, sandals, hiking boots
    • Travel essentials: documents, money (cash and credit/debit cards), medication, sunscreen (SPF 30 or higher), insect repellent, sunglasses, chargers (phones, cameras, laptops, tablets), powerbank
    • Equipment: flashlight, raincoat, microfiber towel, personal reusable water bottle
    A traveler hiking along a forest trail surrounded by tall trees in the Amazon Rainforest, a typical dry season activity.
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    Join PlanetaEXO on the best Amazon river tours

    As an expert in Amazon Rainforest tours in Brazil, PlanetaEXO works with the most esteemed local operators to provide wonderful travel experiences in the largest rainforest on Earth, always following community-based and sustainable tourism practices.

    Experience comfort and immersion in nature with our multiple-day luxury Amazon cruises and turn your dream vacation into reality. Contact us now!

  • An Amazon pink river dolphin at the surface of a dark river, its long tooth-lined beak open and its head raised out of the water.

    10 fascinating facts about the Amazon pink river dolphin

    From flexible necks to ancient legends, discover what makes the largest freshwater dolphin in the world one of the Amazon’s most surprising creatures

    The Amazon pink river dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) is one of the most distinctive mammals of South America. Found across six countries in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, the species has been studied for over two decades by researchers at the Mamirauá Reserve in Brazil, who individually identified more than 650 animals over a 25-year period.

    Its biology is remarkable: an unfused neck that turns 180 degrees, a diet covering more than 53 fish species, a long curved beak with molar-like teeth, and a body that shifts from grey at birth to bright pink in adulthood. The species has been classified as endangered on the IUCN Red List since 2018, with populations declining roughly 50% over 75 years.

    Want to know what makes this animal so unique? PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Amazon Rainforest tours in Brazil, has put together a list of 10 fascinating facts about the Amazon pink river dolphin. Check it out below!

    1) Found in All Countries of the Amazon Basin

    The Amazon pink dolphin inhabits the rivers of six South American countries: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela—a freshwater range covering approximately 7 million km², according to the Animal Diversity Web (University of Michigan).

    The species lives in the Orinoco and Amazon river basins, including major tributaries like the Solimões, Negro, Madeira, Tocantins, Araguaia, and Putumayo. The species is also entirely freshwater, as they never enter salt water and are found thousands of kilometers from the sea.

    But where do pink river dolphins live? They occupy main river channels in the dry season and move into the flooded forest (várzea) during the wet season, when water levels rise up to 10–12 meters and submerge vast areas of the rainforest.

    A pink river dolphin swimming just beneath the dark surface of an Amazon river, its body glowing reddish through the water.
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    👉 Read more: How to Get to the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil?

    2) Echolocation System is Built for Muddy Water

    Amazon waters are murky year-round, so the dolphin relies on biosonar rather than vision, emitting a high frequency that clicks through an organ on its forehead called the melon, which acts as an acoustic lens to focus sound.

    According to One Earth, the species can produce 30 to 80 clicks per second when locating prey, and the echoes return through the dolphin’s lower jawbone to the inner ear.

    A 2017 study published in ScienceDirect found that echolocation click parameters (peak frequency, bandwidth, and inter-click interval) differ significantly across dolphin populations in the Orinoco, Madeira, Xingu, and Araguaia basins, suggesting different evolutionary lineages.

    River dolphins use shorter-range, lower-amplitude clicks than their marine cousins, an adaptation to shallow waters with high acoustic clutter from submerged vegetation.

    3) The Largest Freshwater Dolphins in the World

    Amazon pink river dolphin males can reach 2.55 meters in length and 207 kg (averaging 2.32 m and 154 kg), while females are smaller, up to 2.18 m and 154 kg. This makes the boto the largest of all river dolphins worldwide, beating the Ganges, Indus, Yangtze, and La Plata species.

    It is also one of the most sexually dimorphic cetaceans, with males being 16% longer and 55% heavier than females. Interestingly, it is also one of the rare river dolphin species where males are larger than females—in other species, females are usually the bigger sex. Researchers Martin and da Silva, in their 2006 study published in Marine Mammal Science, linked this dimorphism to male-male competition and territorial fighting.

    4) Color Changes with Age, Temperature, and Even Mood

    Why are Amazon river dolphins pink? It’s a combination of several factors. They are actually born grey and gradually turn pink as their skin becomes thinner and translucent, allowing the blood capillaries near the surface to show through.

    The color is also linked to thermoregulation, scarring from social fights, water chemistry (especially iron content), and water temperature. Adult males tend to be significantly pinker than females as a result of aggressive male-to-male combat, which causes scarring that adds to the pink hue over time.

    Like a human face flushing red, their skin can also temporarily turn bright pink when the animal is excited, exerting itself, or in social interaction. Some adults are nearly white, others almost entirely pink, and no two individuals look the same.

    A bright pink Amazon river dolphin rising vertically out of the water, its pink body and long beak glistening in the sun.
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    👉 Read more: When is the Best Time to Visit the Amazon Rainforest in Brazil

    5) The Boto Goes by Many Names Across the Amazon

    In Portuguese-speaking Brazil, the Amazon river dolphin is called boto-cor-de-rosa, boto-vermelho, boto-rosa, boto-malhado, or simply boto.

    Among indigenous communities, the Tupi name uauiará (or uiara) refers to the dolphin as a kind of “water being” or protector of women—a sacred figure long before European colonization arrived.

    The Tikuna people of the Colombia-Brazil-Peru border region call the pink dolphin omacha, which is also the name of the Colombian foundation founded by biologist Fernando Trujillo (National Geographic Explorer of the Year).

    In Spanish-speaking countries, the dolphin is most commonly known as bufeo, bufeo colorado, tonina, or delfín rosado. In Peru, Colombia, and Ecuador, bufeo colorado is the standard local term; in the Orinoco region of Venezuela, tonina prevails.

    Each name reflects a different cultural lens. Portuguese settlers chose boto (likely from the late Latin buttis, “rounded vessel,” referring to the dolphin’s bulbous head), while indigenous names emphasize the boto’s spiritual and mythological role rather than its physical appearance.

    6) The Legend of the Boto is One of the Most Famous Brazilian Myths

    One of the most fascinating facts about Amazon pink river dolphins is actually a popular myth. In Brazilian folklore, the boto cor-de-rosa is one of the most enduring legends of the Amazon, a story of indigenous origin that has been passed down for centuries.

    According to the tradition, on the nights of the Festas Juninas (Brazil’s traditional June festivities), the dolphin emerges from the river transformed into a tall, charming young man dressed in white and wearing a hat, which hides the blowhole that does not disappear during the transformation. He then seduces a young woman from the village, dances with her, and disappears back into the river by dawn—sometimes leaving her pregnant.

    The legend has historically been used in the Amazon to explain pregnancies of unknown paternity, and it has also been featured in Brazilian media, including the 1987 film “Ele, o Boto,” the soap opera “A Força do Querer” (2017), and the Netflix series “Cidade Invisível” (2021).

    A folk-art painting of a pink river dolphin leaping beside a man in a white shirt and hat at sunset on an Amazon riverbank — the legend of the boto.
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    👉 Read more: Best Amazon Jungle Lodges in Brazil

    7) Impressive Brain Capacity

    The Amazon pink dolphin has the largest brain among all freshwater dolphin species, and several tourism and conservation sources cite that its brain capacity is up to 40% larger than a human’s (a figure popularized in conservation outreach).

    The more rigorous scientific picture: dolphins as a group have one of the highest encephalization quotients (EQ) among non-human animals, second only to humans, according to Marino et al. (2004) and Montgomery et al. (2013).

    In practice, that intelligence translates into clear behaviors: complex acoustic communication using both echolocation clicks and whistles, object play (they have been observed carrying sticks, branches, and turtles), problem-solving, and curiosity around boats and swimmers.

    Studies suggest that male botos may also engage in a form of social display by carrying objects in their mouths during courtship—a behavior so far described in no other cetacean.

    8) Underwater Gymnasts (with Anatomy to Match)

    Unlike marine dolphins, the Amazon river dolphins have unfused cervical vertebrae (the seven neck bones are not welded together), which allows them to turn their heads up to 180 degrees, according to Whale and Dolphin Conservation.

    This flexibility is essential for navigating the flooded forest of the Amazon, where submerged tree trunks, roots, and branches block straight-line swimming. The species also lacks a typical dorsal fin, replaced by a low dorsal ridge that helps it weave through dense vegetation.

    Pink river dolphins can swim forward with one flipper while paddling backward with the other, turning with surgical precision around obstacles. They are also frequently observed swimming upside down, possibly to see the river bottom better through their small eyes.

    Cruising speed is between 8 and 13 km/h, with bursts of up to 24 km/h—slower than ocean dolphins, but compensated by extreme maneuverability among trees and roots.

    👉 Read more: 15 Amazon Animals – Unravel the Wildlife in Brazil

    9) One of the Most Varied Carnivorous Diets of Any Toothed Whale

    So, what do pink river dolphins eat? The boto has one of the widest-ranging diets among all toothed whales, feeding on up to 53 different species of fish, including croakers, catfish, tetras, piranhas, and characins. The species also consumes river turtles, freshwater crabs, aquatic frogs, and freshwater mollusks.

    Its narrow jaw contains 25 to 28 pairs of teeth, divided between sharp conical teeth at the front (for catching prey) and molar-like teeth at the back—a feature unique among dolphins, allowing the boto to crush hard prey like turtle shells and armored catfish.

    This dietary flexibility is critical: during the wet season, fish disperse into the flooded forest, and it hunts alone in vast submerged territories; during the dry season, prey concentrates in main channels and confluences, where up to 35 dolphins have been observed cooperatively herding fish.

    10) Friendly with Humans, Yet Solitary by Nature

    Despite their famously curious and playful personality around boats, swimmers, and children, pink river dolphins are largely solitary animals. They are mostly often spotted alone or in small groups of 2 to 4 individuals, usually a mother with her calf. This is very different from ocean dolphins, which can travel in pods of dozens or even thousands.

    Researchers believe this solitary lifestyle is linked to two factors: the boto has no significant natural predators once adult (only caimans, jaguars, and anacondas occasionally take young animals), and the structure of the flooded forest favors individual hunting over coordinated pod attacks.

    Larger aggregations of up to 35 dolphins only form temporarily at river confluences when prey concentrates seasonally. Their curiosity with humans is well documented in the Cuyabeno Wildlife Reserve (Ecuador) and the Mamirauá Reserve (Brazil), where botos have been filmed approaching kayakers, leaping near boats, and interacting with local children.

    An aerial view of a solitary pink river dolphin swimming through dark, tannin-stained Amazon water scattered with floating leaves.
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    👉 Read more: Best Amazon River Cruises in Brazil

    Visiting the Amazon and meeting pink river dolphins with PlanetaEXO

    Now that you know the most fascinating Amazon pink river dolphin facts, it’s time to see this incredible animal up close. The boto can be spotted year-round in several Brazilian Amazon destinations, especially around Manaus, the Rio Negro, the Anavilhanas archipelago, and the Mamirauá Sustainable Development Reserve.

    PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform specializing in Amazon Rainforest tours in Brazil, working alongside the best local operators in the region. From jungle lodges deep in the rainforest to wildlife-focused river cruises, our team is here to help you plan a hassle-free trip. Contact us now!

  • How many days should you spend in Lençóis Maranhenses?

    How many days should you spend in Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Planning your trip depends on several factors, such as logistics, weather, and travel style

    The Lençóis Maranhenses National Park covers a massive area of 155,000 ha, which means you need at least 3 full days to truly experience the paradisiac atmosphere—though there are options for quick 2-day treks in selected areas across the sand dunes.

    Logistics also plays a huge part when it comes to travel planning, as this is a remote location that requires long journeys to reach the base cities (Barreirinhas, Atins, and Santo Amaro). Seasons, weather, and each traveler’s pace should also be considered when deciding how many days you should stay in Lençóis Maranhenses.

    Two backpackers hike across the vast white sand dunes next to a freshwater lagoon in Lençóis Maranhenses National Park.
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    Need a hand with your trip? PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours that knows everything about trips to Brazil’s wet desert. Check it out below!

    What determines how many days you should stay in Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Logistics 

    In northeastern Maranhão, Lençóis Maranhenses is located in a remote area. After arriving in the capital São Luís, it takes 4-5 hours by road to reach one of the base towns: Barreirinhas, Atins, and Santo Amaro.

    The main transportation options are buses, private cars, or shared vans, but it’s also possible to reach Barreirinhas by chartered plane or by boat to Atins (departing from Barreirinhas).

    The transfer to your destination must be considered in your planning, as a significant part of the trip is spent on the Lençóis-São Luís route.

    Tourists in an adapted 4x4 vehicle drive along a sandy water trail, illustrating the transport options for exploring the Lençóis Maranhenses lagoons.

    👉 Read more: How to get to Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Season and weather

    The weather in Lençóis Maranhenses dictates the experiences—some seasons may be better enjoyed than others, depending on what you are looking for.

    The rainy season begins in February and extends until April, causing downpours that form new lagoons and fill up existing ones. The rain doesn’t stop tourists from visiting, but it can make walks through the dunes a bit more complicated.

    The rain stops when the dry season (May to September) begins, presenting conditions most people prefer: full lagoons scattered across the sand dunes, warm weather, and a refreshing breeze. This is the period when the park is busiest, marking the high season.

    From October onwards, the lagoons begin to dry up. Until January, the national park has more sand than water, but it’s still possible to venture out with trekking, boat trips on the Preguiças River, and kitesurfing on Atins Beach.

    Don’t forget: before deciding how many days you should spend in Lençóis Maranhenses, check the weather forecast for the desired period.

    👉 Read more: When is the best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Travel style and pace

    The vastness of the white dunes, the calmness of the crystal-clear lagoons, and the endless blue of the sky contribute to the peaceful atmosphere of the national park, perfect for those seeking rest and disconnection from the tensions of day-to-day life.

    However, there are also opportunities for adventure, such as 4×4 rides, trekking across the park—and spending the night in locals’ houses—boiacross, and kitesurfing.

    The extent of the trip depends on the availability and style of each traveler, but Lençóis Maranhenses is versatile enough for all scenarios and paces, from quick 2-day experiences walking through the main points of the park to multi-day trips that even cover other states.

    Aerial view of a group trekking across the immense white sand dunes of Lençóis Maranhenses, with small blue lagoons in the background.
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    2 to 3-day trip: the essential

    Even on a tighter schedule, it’s perfectly possible to experience the magic of Lençóis Maranhenses simply by choosing the pace of your adventure.

    If you’re looking for something more relaxed, the 2-day trek from Atins (easy level) is perfect: a lighter hike through the stunning dunes and lagoons, starting and ending in the charming village. Are you an adventurous spirit and physically fit? Then you should check the 2-day desert trek (difficult level), which requires more effort but rewards you with a deep immersion and an unforgettable overnight stay in the Baixa Grande oasis.

    With 3 days available, the range of experiences opens up even more. You can opt for the 3-day trek (moderate level), walking among dunes and visiting two different oases, with an overnight stay in the homes of local families. If you prefer comfort, the 3-day tour from Santo Amaro (easy level) allows you to explore the most pristine lagoons in 4×4 vehicles, based in a very peaceful village.

    And for a truly unique experience, you can cross the white sand desert on our 3-day horseback riding expedition, an easy-level adventure that will create memories to last a lifetime!

    Silhouettes of five people horseback riding across the sand dunes of Lençóis Maranhenses under the bright late afternoon sun.
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    4 to 5-day trip: digging deeper

    For those with a little more time, investing 4 to 5 days is the best way to disconnect and get into the rhythm of nature.

    The 4-day tour from Atins is ideal for those who want to enjoy the rainwater lagoons during the day and enjoy the rustic and welcoming atmosphere of the village at night without much physical effort.

    If hiking is your thing, the 4 and 5-day treks (moderate level) are the classic crossings. On these itineraries, you experience the ultimate immersion: entire days hiking through surreal landscapes, swimming in exclusive lagoons, and having rich contact with the culture of the local communities that live in the oases within the park.

    Top view of a woman floating in the calm, greenish waters of an exclusive lagoon during a trip to Lençóis Maranhenses.
    Photo: Marcelo Bonifacio

    6-day trip: the full experience

    Six days open doors to the most complete and spectacular trips in the Brazilian Northeast, both easy-level and focused on comfort and contemplation.

    The Lençóis Maranhenses Full Itinerary takes you to explore the three main bases of the region: Barreirinhas, Santo Amaro, and Atins. You will take boat trips, visit the most famous dunes, and have a 360º view of the park without having to do long walks.

    The famous Route of Emotions is an epic interstate trip. It allows you to start your journey exploring Lençóis Maranhenses, pass through the incredible beauties of the Parnaíba Delta in Piauí and end the trip relaxing on the paradisiacal beaches of Jericoacoara, in Ceará.

    Woman sitting on a beach sarong on the white sand, admiring the golden sunset reflecting on the waters of the Lençóis Maranhenses lagoons.
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    Your vacation in Lençóis Maranhenses with PlanetaEXO

    If you’re still not sure of how many days you should spend in Lençóis Maranhenses, we are here to help!

    PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours, from tailor-made itineraries to bookings and transfer options. Our team works with the best local operators to make sure you’ll experience a vacation you’ll never forget. Contact us now!

    Download the PlanetaEXO e-book to plan your Lençóis Maranhenses vacation

  • How to Get to Chapada Diamantina National Park?

    How to Get to Chapada Diamantina National Park?

    See how to get to Chapada Diamantina from Salvador, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo

    Chapada Diamantina National Park is located in the northeastern part of Brazil, within the state of Bahia. The most common and convenient way to access the park is via Salvador, situated approximately 420 km away.

    Empty paved highway leading towards the mountains of Chapada Diamantina Bahia at sunrise.
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    Salvador International Airport (SSA) provides extensive direct flights from various Brazilian cities, as well as international destinations. However, the closest airport is Lençóis Coronel Horácio de Matos Airport (LEC), 22 km away from the national park—though flight options are fairly limited.

    To help with your vacation planning, PlanetaEXO, an adventure travel platform specializing in Chapada Diamantina tours, has put together several transportation options. Check them out below!

    From Salvador to Chapada Diamantina

    Two blue travel buses from Guanabara and Real Expresso parked. A road transport option to get to Chapada Diamantina.
    .

    Please notice: Flight and bus schedules may change unexpectedly at the discretion of their operators. Please check the official channels for details on each transportation option.

    By plane

    Salvador Airport (SSA) is served by major Brazilian cities, including São Paulo (GRU, VCP, and CGH), Rio de Janeiro, Recife (REC), Belo Horizonte (CNF), and Brasília (BSB). International tourists can fly straight to Salvador from Buenos Aires (EZE/AEP), Panama City (PTY), Lisbon (LIS), Madrid (MAD), and Paris (CDG).

    Another option is flying to Lençóis Airport (LEC). Azul Airlines offers flights only twice a week, on Thursdays and Sundays, departing from Salvador at 2:30 PM and returning from Lençóis at 04:10 PM.

    By bus

    Despite the option to get to Chapada Diamantina via Lençóis Airport, most people take a bus from Salvador. There are three daily departures at 8 AM, 1 AM, and 11 PM from Salvador Bus Station (Terminal Rodoviário de Salvador). The buses make stops in Feira de Santana and Itaberaba.

    Known for their cleanliness and comfort, these buses are equipped with air conditioning and toilets. The trip takes about 6 hours, with ticket prices starting at R$100. Buy your tickets at Expresso Guanabara (for those with a CPF number) or BusBud (for foreigners). For the return journey to Salvador, buses depart from Lençóis at 9 AM, 1:45 PM, and 22:50 PM.

    By car

    The typical route uses BR-324 and BR-242 highways, covering 420 km in about 6 hours. Car rentals are available at Salvador Airport.

    By private transfer

    For added comfort and flexibility, private transfers are available. See the prices below:

    • Car (4 seats): R$ 2.000
    • Van (15 seats): R$ 3.000

    If you are booking your Chapada Diamantina tour with PlanetaEXO, our team can assist you in booking private transfers to the locations. Send us a message!

    How to get to Chapada Diamantina from Rio or São Paulo?

    From Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo—two of Brazil’s largest cities—you can reach Chapada Diamantina, in Bahia, by flying to Salvador or taking a long-distance bus trip to Feira de Santana.

    Azul airline plane parked on the runway at Chapada Diamantina airport. Employees work near the aircraft on a sunny day.
    .

    By plane

    From Rio’s Galeão (GIG) or São Paulo’s Congonhas (CGH), Viracopos (VCP), or Guarulhos (GRU), you can get to Salvador in over 2 hours. This option offers a quicker and more direct way to start your adventure in the national park.

    From Salvador, fly to Lençóis Airport on Thursdays and Sundays, take the bus to Lençóis at the Salvador Bus Station, or hire a private shuttle service (arranged by PlanetaEXO).

    By bus

    This bus trip from Rio de Janeiro or São Paulo to Feira de Santana can exceed 30 hours, but it’s more budget-friendly, with fares starting at R$ 450. Get your tickets at Busbud.

    Once you arrive, continue your journey to Lençóis, taking the same bus as described above from Salvador.

    👉 Read more: When Is The Best Time To Visit Chapada Diamantina?

    How to get to other small towns in Chapada Diamantina?

    Other than Lençóis, Chapada Diamantina is surrounded by several small towns that can serve as gateways to the national park.

    Vasts valleys of Chapada Diamantina National Park!
    .

    Palmeiras

    Palmeiras is a small town that you have to pass through to get to Guiné and Vale do Capão. From Salvador, you can take the same Expresso Guanabara bus as you would to Lençóis, but you should continue one stop further. This journey lasts almost 8 hours.

    Alternatively, you can drive 450 km, which typically takes about 6.5 hours. From Lençóis, a bus ride to Palmeiras takes about an hour, covering approximately 53 km.

    Vale do Capão

    Located in the Palmeiras municipality, this peaceful village is a hotspot for hikers. From Salvador, take a bus to Palmeiras and then a 40-minute shared van ride to Vale do Capão, which is about 72 km from Lençóis. Taxis are also available.

    Guiné

    Known for being the starting point for the Vale do Pati trek, Guiné is only accessible by car or private shuttle services, as public transport is not available. The distance from Lençóis to Guiné is approximately 85km, typically involving some driving on rough and unpaved roads.

    Ibicoara

    Home to the Cachoeira do Buracão and Fumacinha waterfalls, Ibicoara can be accessed from Salvador by a 9-hour bus ride on Fridays or by a 7-hour drive (459 km).

    The nearest airport is Vitória da Conquista (VDC), with car rentals available for the 219 km journey to Ibicoara, located 225 km away from Lençois.

    Mucugê

    Buses from Salvador to Mucugê depart daily at 7 AM and 7 PM.  The journey takes up to 8.5 hours, depending on the itinerary.

    Driving from Salvador covers 450 km in approximately 6.5 hours. The nearest major airport is Vitória da Conquista (VDC), offering rental car services for the 260 km drive. Mucugê is approximately 147 km away from Lençóis.

    White tombstones of the Byzantine Cemetery built into a rocky mountain slope in Mucuge, Chapada Diamantina.
    Byzantine Cemetery of Mucugê

    Exploring Chapada Diamantina National Park with PlanetaEXO

    Now that you know how to get to Chapada Diamantina, it’s time to plan your vacation with us!

    At PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Chapada Diamantina tours, we help you find the best transportation options to the national park, as well as provide accommodation, tailor-made itineraries, and everything else you need for an incredible trip. Contact us now!

  • 10 Travel Tips for Lençóis Maranhenses to Make the Most of Your Trip

    10 Travel Tips for Lençóis Maranhenses to Make the Most of Your Trip

    Seasons, locations, safety tips, and health precautions. See our recommendations for an unforgettable travel experience in Brazil’s Lençóis Maranhenses National Park!

    Located in northeast Brazil, Lençóis Maranhenses National Park is a destination sought after by adventurers from all over the planet. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, this natural wonder is famous for its vast, giant white sand dunes and crystal-clear freshwater lagoons. 

    But don’t let its otherworldly beauty fool you—exploring this fantastic place requires thoughtful planning to make the most of your time, energy, and budget. Considering elements like location, weather, and activities, following some Lençóis Maranhenses travel tips can help to make your vacation even more memorable.

    That’s why PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specialized in Lençóis Maranhenses tours, has put together 10 essential recommendations for a wonderful experience in one of the most beautiful places in Brazil. Check them out below!

    1. Pick your base city: Barreirinhas, Atins, or Santo Amaro

    The choice of base cities can shape your entire experience, so analyzing the options and choosing the one that makes the most sense for your travel style is the first tip to thoroughly enjoy Lençóis Maranhenses.

    Aerial view of a tall black and white striped lighthouse and lush green vegetation near the base cities for Lençóis Maranhenses tours.
    Photo: Gabriel Boieras

    Barreirinhas is the most popular hub, with solid infrastructure and easy access. Atins is a peaceful fishing village, harder to reach, but offering rustic charm and great conditions for kitesurfers. Meanwhile, Santo Amaro has the closest access to the national park and beautiful lagoons, but restaurants, bars, and other services are rather scarce.

    Besides considering the different atmospheres and logistics of each base, it’s also possible to combine more than one city throughout a single trip. This way, you can experience each side of Lençóis!

    👉 Read more: How to get to Lençóis Maranhenses?

    2. Time it right: when the lagoons are at their best

    The weather is ideal for those looking to explore ecotourism in Brazil. The best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses is between May and September, when the lagoons are full from seasonal rains and the sky is usually clear with no rain. This window offers the most spectacular views and the best overall conditions for hiking and swimming.

    A traveler walking along the edge of a pristine blue lagoon surrounded by sand dunes during the best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses
    .

    From February to April, the heavy rainfall might disrupt travel plans, while the period between November and January causes the lagoons to shrink or disappear completely.

    Lençóis offers great experiences all year round, but the itineraries vary according to the seasons. Make sure to check the weather forecast and plan your trip according to your preferences!

    3. Health tips: vaccination and fighting the heat

    Foreign tourists are not required to get vaccinated, but Brazil’s Ministry of Health recommends that visitors from other countries be protected against diphtheria, tetanus, polio, and measles. 

    A smiling woman enjoying a refreshing swim in a crystal-clear freshwater lagoon on a sunny day in Lençóis Maranhenses.
    .

    Additionally, as a precaution, it is advisable to get vaccinated against yellow fever and hepatitis A and B—even though there is no imminent risk of these diseases within national territory.

    The heat is also something to consider, as Lençóis Maranhenses is located in one of the hottest regions in the entire country. To protect yourself against the intense sun and high temperatures, always apply sunscreen, wear a cap/hat when exploring the sand dunes, and stay well-hydrated at all times.

    👉 See more information: CDC Travelers’ Health (USA) / Vaccine for Travelers (Brazil)

    4. Trust the locals

    One of the best Lençóis Maranhenses travel tips is to trust the locals for a truly immersive, fulfilling experience.

    Lençóis is a protected area with no marked trails. As the dunes stretch endlessly, it’s easy to lose your sense of direction. Tour guides know the safest and most scenic routes, how to avoid getting lost, and can tailor your experience to your interests. Remember: never venture into the national park without a qualified professional.

    A guided group of travelers hiking through shallow water in the endless sand dunes on a Lençóis Maranhenses tour.
    Photo: Marcelo Bonifacio

    Local residents also play an important role in the stay experience, as many travelers making the dune crossing, which can last several days, spend the night in the homes of locals within the park.

    The accommodations are simple, yet clean and comfortable—ideal for resting a weary body after a long day of trekking. This is also a wonderful way to meet new people and connect with Brazilian and Maranhense culture.

    👉 Read more: Where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses?

    5. Lençóis Maranhenses treks are demanding (be prepared!)

    Expect a workout. The sand is uneven and the dunes are tall, so the ground slips out from under your feet as you walk. 

    A backpacker walking barefoot across the white sand dunes near a bright blue lagoon during a physically demanding Lençóis Maranhenses trek.
    .

    Under the hot sun, physical exertion becomes even greater. To avoid stressful situations, exhaustion, and other health issues, dress in light, airy clothes, drink plenty of water, and don’t rush. And while most people enjoy walking barefoot, hiking sandals work just fine!

    All this effort and dedication are worth it: you will be rewarded with landscapes that seem out of this world and indescribable experiences to carry with you for the rest of your life!

    6. Pack smart

    Pack smart, light, and functional. Comfortable, appropriate items for physical activities and warm weather are indispensable:

    • Swimwear
    • UV-resistant clothing
    • T-shirts
    • Shorts
    • Flip-flops
    • Sandals or light hiking shoes
    • Socks
    • Hats or caps
    • Towels
    • Sunglasses
    • Reusable water bottle (at least 1.5L)
    • Eco-friendly sunscreen (non-toxic to aquatic life; SPF 30 or higher)

    And, as with any other trip, don’t forget the essentials: documents, insect repellent, medication, a power bank, and chargers (phones, cameras, laptops, and tablets). 

    Bring your own cash (Brazilian real), as ATMs are scarce (especially in Atins and Santo Amaro), and connectivity for debit/credit cards is limited.

    7. Don’t underestimate transfer times

    Lençóis Maranhenses National Park is located in a remote area. From the capital of Maranhão, São Luís, to the base cities, the drive takes between 4 and 5 hours.

    A 4x4 safari vehicle transporting tourists through a sandy and flooded trail to visit Lençóis Maranhenses National Park.
    .

    When planning your vacation, map out the round-trip transfer to ensure you enjoy every single second and to avoid any problems with your schedules—like missing a flight, for example.

    Your trip should last at least 3 days, but it obviously depends on your availability and the type of experiences you’re looking for.

    8. Go for multi-day treks

    Speaking of how many days should you spend in Lençóis Maranhenses, if you’re up for a real adventure, consider trekking across the dunes from one village to another.

    This is a more intense experience than the day tours, but far more rewarding. You’ll hike through remote parts of Lençóis Maranhenses that most visitors never see, sleep in locals’ homes or campsites, and enjoy simple, home-cooked meals.

    A small group of hikers casting long shadows while walking across a vast expanse of white sand dunes on a multi-day Lençóis Maranhenses trek.
    .

    In the afternoons, after the hikes, you’ll have a few quiet hours to relax and recharge. It’s the perfect moment to disconnect, take a nap, or simply admire the breathtaking beauty that surrounds you.

    9. Bring your own snacks and drinks on the tours

    Lençóis tours typically only stop during lunchtime, and there are no restaurants or diners inside the national park. If you plan to spend several hours (or even days) in Lençóis Maranhenses, it’s important to bring your own food and water.

    Opt for light, non-perishable snacks such as crackers, nuts, protein/fruit bars, etc. Use reusable containers and keep the packaging in your backpack to dispose of it once you return to the city. Never litter in the dunes or lagoons.

    10. Download Google Translate for offline use

    Don’t expect English everywhere; most locals only speak Portuguese.

    Downloading Google Translate (or other translation apps) before arriving and setting up the Portuguese language pack for offline use is highly recommended. This will help with everything you might need, from ordering food to asking for directions.

    A group of travelers resting on the sand dunes under a starry night sky after a full day exploring Lençóis Maranhenses.
    .

    Take the opportunity to learn a few basic words in Portuguese, like “bom dia” (good morning) and “obrigado” (thank you). Small gestures like these show kindness, openness, and appreciation for the people and the place you’re visiting!

    Visit Lençóis Maranhenses with PlanetaEXO

    Now that you know 10 essential travel tips for Lençóis Maranhenses visitors should follow, it’s time to start planning your trip!

    PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours, works with the best local partners to turn your dream vacation into reality. Our team is ready to help you with bookings, transfer options, and tailor-made itineraries for a fantastic experience. Contact us now! 

  • How to visit Chapada Diamantina National Park, Brazil – Travel Guide

    How to visit Chapada Diamantina National Park, Brazil – Travel Guide

    Learn everything you need to know to travel to Brazil’s Chapada Diamantina, including how to get there, the best time to visit, main activities, and more!

    Chapada Diamantina National Park, in Brazil, is a conservation unit that protects a massive area of stunning natural landscapes formed by waterfalls, caves, canyons, mountains, and rich fauna and flora.

    Considered one of the best places in the world for ecotourism activities—especially trekking—Chapada Diamantina is the most well-known national park among Brazilians, according to research by the Semeia Institute. Among foreigners, it’s the sixth most sought-after Brazilian destination, reaching more than 11,500 online searches in 2024 alone, according to data from the Brazilian Tourist Board.

    PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Chapada Diamantina tours, not only knows this fantastic destination intimately, but we’ve also taken countless adventurers from all over the world to explore it. To help even more travelers immerse themselves in this universe of natural beauty, we’ve put together a complete travel guide with all the essential information. See below!

    Table of contents:

    1. About Chapada Diamantina
    2. How to get to Chapada Diamantina National Park, Brazil?
    3. When is the best time to visit Chapada Diamantina?
    4. What to do in Chapada Diamantina?
    5. How many days should I stay in Chapada Diamantina National Park?
    6. Where to stay in Chapada Diamantina?
    7. Do I need a guide to visit Chapada Diamantina?
    8. What should I pack for a Chapada Diamantina hike?
    9. Best Chapada Diamantina tours
    A man swims in a dark natural pool, looking up at a tall waterfall cascading down a canyon with layered rock formations.
    @vilkercruz

    About Chapada Diamantina

    In northeastern Brazil, the Chapada Diamantina National Park is located approximately 420 km away from Salvador, the capital of the state of Bahia. Its area of over 1,521 km²  is distributed among the municipalities of Lençóis, Mucugê, Ibicoara, Andaraí, Itaetê, and Palmeiras.

    With the highest elevation above 500 meters, Chapada Diamantina is also an integral part of the Serra do Sincorá. Extending across 80 kilometers, this mountain range significantly contributes to the landscape and the biodiversity of the park.

    Like the other seventy national parks scattered throughout Brazil, Chapada Diamantina protects natural resources—including fauna, flora, bodies of water, rock formations, and archaeological sites—and opposes the negative effects of industrialization on ecosystems.

    Spanning the Caatinga, Cerrado, and Atlantic Forest biomes, its biodiversity blends rocky fields, riparian forests, and seasonal forests, proving just how important this natural richness actually is for the country’s ecological balance, as well as presenting great possibilities for sustainable tourism.

    Panoramic view of Chapada Diamantina's flat-topped mountains and deep green valleys illuminated by the golden light of a sunset.
    .

    Although not the best place in Brazil for wildlife observation—this title belongs to the Pantanal—the fauna of Chapada Diamantina is very rich, especially the birds. There are more than 370 different species, including the chaco eagle, white-browed guan, vinaceous-breasted amazon, and the endemic hooded visorbearer.

    The flora is also abundant. With over a hundred types of flowers, they can be seen in shrubs, rocky fields, and among the rocks. There are also cacti, begonias, low palm trees, and about 440 endemic plant species throughout the park.

    Chapada Diamantina’s history

    Nearly 2 billion years ago, the Chapada Diamantina National Park in Brazil was covered by the waters of the Espinhaço Sea. Over time, the ecosystem changed, going through glacial periods, deserts, and new floods.

    Slowly, the soil became fertile, and vegetation grew, turning into the ideal home for large reptiles, dinosaurs, and now-extinct mammals such as the giant sloth, whose remains have been found in the well-known Poço Azul in 2005.

    A group of hikers with backpacks walks along a rocky trail towards the mountains during a bright sunset in Chapada Diamantina.
    .

    Rock paintings found in Lençóis indicate that the first humans inhabited the region about 13,000 years ago, while various indigenous groups (Papayá, Maracá, Aimoré, Topins, etc.) also called Chapada home.

    In the 16th century, explorers from other Brazilian states began to explore the natural resources of Bahia. At the end of the 17th century, the first diamonds were discovered in the Cumbucas River, in Mucugê. This triggered a great era of diamond extraction—hence the name “Diamantina”—making mining the main economic activity for a long time.

    Eventually, mining cooled down until it was completely banned in 1996. The national park was created in 1985 with the aim of preserving the region’s biodiversity, something that would not have been possible if the miners had continued their work.

    Today, Chapada Diamantina serves as a center for adventure and eco-tourism, drawing thousands of visitors to experience some of its famous unique attractions like the Morro do Pai Inácio, Poço Azul, Cachoeira da Fumaça, and Vale do Pati.

    How to get to Chapada Diamantina National Park, Brazil?

    The easiest route to get to Chapada Diamantina is from Salvador (SSA), which is served by flights from São Paulo, Recife, Belo Horizonte, and Brasília. International visitors can get to Bahia’s capital departing from Buenos Aires, Lisbon, Madrid, Paris, and Panama City.

    An empty paved road leads directly toward the iconic Morro do Pai Inácio mountain under a clear blue sky at dusk.
    .

    From Salvador, it takes a little over an hour to fly to Lençóis (LEC), considered by many as the main gateway to the national park. By car or bus, it takes 6–7 hours to reach Lençóis, Mucugê, or Palmeiras.

    👉 Read more: How to Get to Chapada Diamantina National Park?

    When is the best time to visit Chapada Diamantina?

    Chapada Diamantina can be visited all year round, but your experience will vary depending on the season.

    Woman hiker resting on a rocky cliff edge, overlooking a vast, lush green canyon and distant plateaus during an ecotourism adventure.
    .

    The dry months (May to September) offer clear skies and ideal conditions for hiking, while the rainy season (October to April) brings lush green landscapes and powerful waterfalls. Each with its own charm, so it really is a matter of personal preference.

    👉 Read more: When is the best time to visit Chapada Diamantina?

    What to do in Chapada Diamantina?

    Brazil’s Chapada Diamantina offers a great variety of attractions that cater to adventure seekers and nature enthusiasts alike. Here’s a breakdown of the main activities within the park:

    Hiking and trekking

    Chapada Diamantina hikes attract thousands of visitors every year. Vale do Pati, in particular, has some of the greatest trekking routes not only in Brazil but on the planet due to its beauty and challenging trails.

    This area is noted for its vast plateaus and steep valleys, providing spectacular views and a truly immersive experience in nature. Hiking tours usually pass by Chapada’s most beloved attractions, like Morro do Pai Inácio and Fumaça Waterfall.

    👉 Read more: Best Hikes in Brazil: From Rainforests to Mountain Peaks

    Waterfalls

    Chapada Diamantina National Park has approximately 300 officially cataloged waterfalls. The most well-known is Fumaça, one of the tallest in Brazil, measuring nearly 340 meters in height.

    A person stands on a green mossy rock in a narrow canyon, looking at a powerful waterfall crashing into the dark water below.
    Photo: Lucas Ribeiro

    Other waterfalls worth visiting to cool off during treks are Fumacinha, Buracão, Mixila, and Sossego.

    👉 Read more: Chapada Diamantina Waterfalls – Best Trails and Hidden Gems

    Caves

    The caves scattered around the park offer a unique underground experience. Gruta da Lapa Doce is one of the most noticeable, where visitors can explore an 850-meter path lined with impressive limestone formations and delve into the geological past of the region.

    The interior of a large, illuminated cave showing an impressive cluster of ancient limestone stalactites and stalagmites.
    .

    Close by is Gruta da Fumaça, famous for its stalactite-filled ceiling and fairly easy access. Other caves worth visiting are Gruta Azul, Gruta do Pratinha, and Gruta da Torrinha.

    Natural pools

    Poço Encantado offers an escape with its crystal-clear waters sourced from a non-renewable aquifer, providing a place for quiet reflection rather than swimming. Nearby, Poço Azul invites visitors to swim and enjoy its breathtaking beauty up close.

    A woman floats on her back in the crystal-clear, bright blue water of an underground natural pool surrounded by rock walls.
    .

    During the day, the darkness of both caves is broken by sunlight escaping through openings in the rocks, illuminating the water with a beautiful, bright blue hue.

    Culture

    The cultural heritage of Chapada Diamantina is as extensive as its natural resources. In the base towns, there is a strong influence from traditional communities in the cultural vein of the region, including African, indigenous, riverside, mining, and quilombola (Afro-Brazilian) communities.

    Many of these groups lead activities open to the public, such as regional festivals, visits to villages, and immersive tours. Cultural diversity is also observed in various aspects of daily life, such as architecture, cuisine, and handicrafts.

    Visitors can also explore the geological and archaeological richness of the Chapada by visiting the Sincorá Museum and the Serra das Paridas archaeological site—both located in Lençóis.

    👉 Read more: What to do in Chapada Diamantina?

    How many days should I stay in Chapada Diamantina National Park?

    It all depends on your travel style and priorities. If you’re on a tight schedule, a 3-day trip is enough for a first introduction to the park’s iconic spots like Morro do Pai Inácio, Cachoeira da Fumaça, or Poço Azul. It’s a compact but rewarding way to experience some of the region’s landscapes and natural highlights without rushing too much.

    Two hikers walk along a narrow dirt path through lush green vegetation towards a massive, towering rock wall in Vale do Pati.
    @Rasmus Soeby

    For travelers with more time and a bit more flexibility, staying 5 to 7 days (or even longer) will allow for a much deeper connection with the park. With extra days, you can venture into remote areas like Vale do Pati, explore hidden waterfalls, and balance physically demanding trails with moments of relaxation in the surrounding towns.

    Given the size of the park and the long distances between attractions, it’s worth planning your itinerary carefully to minimize time spent on the road and maximize your time on the trails.

    👉 Read more: How many days should you stay in Chapada Diamantina?

    Where to stay in Chapada Diamantina?

    Chapada Diamantina is a broad area dotted with diverse towns, each offering unique accommodation options to suit various tastes and preferences. From charming bed & breakfasts and authentic homestays to traditional hotels, there is an alternative for everyone.

    Lençóis

    Lençóis is a favored starting point for many travelers due to its easy access and great infrastructure. This historic town is alive with activities, offering numerous Chapada Diamantina tours that explore the natural and cultural highlights of the area.

    Mucugê

    Mucugê is a quieter, more reflective atmosphere with beautifully preserved colonial architecture and peaceful cemeteries, providing a serene retreat after a busy day of exploration.

    Palmeiras

    Palmeiras is the gateway to the stunning Vale do Capão, renowned for its lush landscapes and extensive hiking trails. It’s ideal for those looking for a closer connection to nature.

    Andaraí

    Andaraí is located along the banks of the Paraguaçu River. Steeped in natural beauty, it offers easy access to a variety of trails, waterfalls, and historical sites, making it a versatile choice for accommodation.

    Igatu

    For those who prefer smaller, more intimate settings, this historic village is the perfect choice. Known as “Stone Village” and “Bahia’s Machu Picchu,” Igatu enchants everyone with its 19th-century stone ruins and calm ambiance, offering a peaceful retreat for people who love nature and history.

    Ibicoara

    Ibicoara is a paradise for avid hikers and nature lovers. This less-crowded town is an excellent base for exploring some of the park’s most magnificent waterfalls, including the breathtaking Fumacinha.

    Homestay

    For adventurers seeking a truly immersive trip, the Vale do Pati trek is unmatched. Since this is a multi-day experience, spending the night within the national park borders is the only option for accommodation.

    Modest white homestay houses with clay roofs nestled in a green valley beneath towering mountains, under a dramatic orange sunset sky.
    .

    Only a handful of families live in the area, which makes the stay even more authentic and intimate. The houses are modest but still cozy, providing everything trekkers need for a good rest, including beds, blankets, bathrooms, and hot meals.

    This type of accommodation enhances the experience and causes a positive impact on the local communities who rely on ecotourism to make a living.

    👉 Read more: Where to stay in Chapada Diamantina?

    Do I need a guide to visit Chapada Diamantina?

    Yes, you absolutely need a guide in Chapada Diamantina. In addition to being massive, the national park has numerous areas that are difficult to navigate and can be potentially dangerous for those unfamiliar with it. The lack of cell phone and internet service also complicates things, making calls for help very difficult in emergency situations.

    A PlanetaEXO local guide wearing a blue shirt shows a trail map to a female hiker, with a vast green valley and mountains in the background.
    .

    The guides are locals, which means they know every trail, waterfall, and cave intimately. These professionals help groups stay on track, keep them safe, and gain a deeper understanding of Chapada’s secrets by sharing their knowledge of its ecosystem and culture.

    What should I pack for a Chapada Diamantina hike?

    If you’re traveling to Chapada Diamantina National Park in Brazil, be sure to bring the following items:

    • Light clothes, including UV-resistant long-sleeved shirts
    • Windbreaker and sweater
    • Raincoat and/or waterproof jacket
    • Quick-drying towel
    • Hiking shoes
    • Socks
    • Flip-flops
    • Swimwear
    • Hats/caps
    • Sunglasses
    • Sunscreen
    • Insect repellent
    • Reusable water bottle
    • Waterproof bag
    A group of hikers and a PlanetaEXO guide celebrate with raised arms on a rocky peak, surrounded by green mountains under a cloudy sky.
    .

    Don’t forget the usual travel essentials: documents, credit/debit cards, cash (Brazilian Real), medicine (for headaches, muscle tension, stomach bugs…), chargers, and portable chargers for cellphones, laptops, tablets, and cameras.

    Best Chapada Diamantina tours

    Can’t wait to live the adventure of a lifetime in an unforgettable Chapada Diamantina hike? Check out PlanetaEXO’s tours!

    TOUR HIGHLIGHTS DURATION STARTING PRICE*
    Chapada Diamantina Tour  Waterfalls (Fumaça, Fumacinha, Riachinho, Mosquito), caves (Gruta Azul, Gruta Lapa Doce), Pai Inácio Hill, hiking, historic center of Lençóis. 3 days US$ 280
    Ultimate Chapada Diamantina Hike Hiking, Poço Encantado, Poço Azul, 3 days of trekking in Vale do Pati + Buracão and Fumacinha waterfalls. 6 days US$ 1,000
    Chapada Diamantina Trip Hiking, Vale do Capão, waterfalls (Fumaça, Buracão, Mosquito) Gruta Lapa Doce, Pai Inácio Hill, Poço Encantado, Poço Azul, historic center of Mucugê. 7 days US$ 630
    Vale do Pati Trek Chapada Diamantina Hiking, Morro do Castelo, Cachoeirão and Funis waterfalls, accommodation with locals. 3 days US$ 410
    Pati Valley Hike Chapada Diamantina Hiking, Morro do Castelo, waterfalls (Cachoeirão and Funis), accommodation at locals’ houses. 4 days US$ 545
    Chapada Diamantina Trek Vale do Pati Trekking, Morro do Castelo, Cachoeirão and Funis waterfalls, Poço da Árvore, Ladeira do Império, Andaraí, accommodation with locals. 5 days US$ 585

    *Per person, based on double occupancy in group departures. Prices may vary depending on season and availability. Exchange rate as of April 2nd, 2026; subject to change.

    Explore Chapada Diamantina National Park with PlanetaEXO

    PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform specializing in Chapada Diamantina tours. By working alongside the best local operators, our team turns your dream vacation into reality!

    From bookings to tailor-made itineraries, we work every day to ensure unforgettable travel experiences and sustainable practices that benefit both the environment and local communities. Contact us now!

  • Where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Discover accommodation options in Lençóis Maranhenses, from homestays to hotels in Barreirinhas, Santo Amaro, and Atins

    Lençóis Maranhenses National Park is a natural marvel. In a massive area covered by impressively white sand dunes, blue rainwater lagoons, and untouched vegetation, it’s not uncommon for people to describe it as an otherworldly place. 

    Mirroring the general atmosphere of the national park, accommodation options are characterized by a peaceful and considerably rustic nature. Whether in small inns, hotels offering premium services, or homestays with local residents, the choices for where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses are all marked by the placid, lovely charm of the dunes.

    PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours, has helped countless travelers from all over the world to book the best accommodations in this fantastic destination. Read more below!

    Accommodation in the sand dunes

    One of the most authentic ways to experience Lençóis Maranhenses is to traverse it on foot. The trek takes several days, allowing travelers to discover the more secluded parts of the dunes and visit less-crowded lagoons.

    Sun setting over vast sand dunes with reflecting water pools while four people hike along the sandy ridge.
    .

    On an adventure like this, visitors spend the night inside the national park. Residents of small villages, such as Queimada dos Britos and Baixa Grande, welcome guests into their own homes, offering both shelter and food.

    The accommodations are simple, yet cozy and clean. After an intense but rewarding day of trekking through one of Brazil’s most beautiful landscapes, you can rest in hammocks, take a shower, and recharge with a hot meal.

    Beyond just providing a place to stay, this is also a wonderful opportunity to meet new people, immerse yourself in the local culture of Lençóis, and experience famous Brazilian hospitality firsthand.

    Where to stay in Barreirinhas?

    Aerial view of Barreirinhas town focusing on the Preguiças River bend and sandy stretches, illustrating the main park entrance.
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    Out of all the base cities, Barreirinhas is the main gateway for the national park. With the best infrastructure of the area and a more lively vibe, most hotels in Lençóis Maranhenses are located here.

    This is the perfect place for travelers looking for balance between nature and convenience due to the easy access to the sand dunes and the various transportation options, as well as restaurants, bars, markets, pharmacies, ATMs, etc.

    👉 Read more: How to get to Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Porto Preguiças Resort 

    Aerial view of the large swimming pools and clay-roofed chalet infrastructure at Porto Preguiças Resort, bordering the river.
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    One of the only resorts in Lençóis Maranhenses, Porto Preguiças is a high-end resort with a privileged view of the Preguiças River, one of Maranhão’s main rivers. Great for families with children, the air-conditioned rooms have excellent beds, cable TV, a mini fridge, and private bathrooms.

    Amenities include swimming pools, a garden, a restaurant, a bar, a breakfast buffet, free parking, room service, and airport transfer.

    • Address: Estrada do Canaubal, s/n – Carnalbau
    • Price range: $$$$$

    Gran Lençóis Flat

    Also situated on the banks of the Preguiças River, Gran Lençóis Flat is a 4-star hotel recommended for every type of traveler. In the common areas, guests can enjoy a swimming pool, sauna, spa, gym, entertainment room, conference room, and playroom (for children). The restaurant serves typical Brazilian food and international dishes.

    The apartments include single or double beds, TV, air-conditioning, fresh towels, free amenities, and Wi-Fi. 

    • Address: Estrada de São Domingos, s/n – Povoado Boa Vista
    • Price range: $$$$

    Portal do Sol Lençóis Pousada

    A bit simpler than the previous hotels, Portal do Sol Lençóis Pousada still offers a great stay experience, ideal for guests looking for cost efficiency. Rest in spacious rooms with air-conditioning, mini-fridges, TVs, private bathrooms, and high-speed Wi-Fi connection.

    Take a swim in the pool to cool off and enjoy a delicious breakfast buffet with a beautiful view of the inn’s lake. 

    • Address: Rua Principal – Av. Boa Vista, 01
    • Price range: $$$

    Pousada Boa Vista

    Sunny outdoor area of a rustic inn with a flowery garden, wooden ramps, and stairs connecting the room balconies.
    .

    4 km away from downtown Barreirinhas, Boa Vista is a charming inn that will make you feel right at home. Apartments include queen-size beds, air-conditioning, TVs, Wi-Fi, and private bathrooms. 

    In the social areas, take a relaxing walk in the garden, swim in the pool, or rest on a hammock. At mealtimes, the talented team of cooks serves incredible local dishes at the restaurant. 

    • Address: Rua Principal – Av. Boa Vista, s/n
    • Price range: $$$

    Pousada D’Areia

    Wondering where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses on a lower budget? Pousada D’Areia, located on the main street of Barreirinhas, might be the right place for you!

    With easy access to the dunes and the Preguiças River, recharge your energy in lovely air-conditioned rooms with private bathrooms. Includes an amazing all-you-can-eat breakfast made with local, fresh ingredients.

    • Address: Av. Joaquim Soeiro de Carvalho, 888 – Centro
    • Price range: $$

    Pousada Sítio Parque dos Lençóis

    The apartments in Pousada Sítio Parque dos Lençóis are equipped with comfy beds, air-conditioning, free Wi-Fi, and private balconies and bathrooms.

    Guests can also enjoy a swimming pool, a gorgeous garden, a shared lounge, and a breakfast buffet every morning.

    • Address: Rua Boa Vista, 600 – Bairro da Cebola
    • Price range: $$

    Where to stay in Santo Amaro?

    Santo Amaro is the town with the quickest access to the national park, distinguished by having some of the largest and most beautiful lagoons.

    Rustic portico with a wooden sign displaying the text Santo Amaro Morvanas Lagoas Prajasthios over a sandy road.
    .

    Small and peaceful, it offers less infrastructure than Barreirinhas yet provides excellent immersive experiences and a variety of inns and hotels in Lençóis Maranhenses National Park.

    Quintal das Areias

    Intimate balcony lit at night with a resting hammock stretched in front of the green double door of a Quintal das Areias chalet.
    .

    Quintal das Areias is a highly rated accommodation in Santo Amaro, famous for its gorgeous decor—carefully thought out to represent Maranhão’s essence.

    Each chalet includes air-conditioning, queen or king-size beds, a bathroom with premium amenities, a private closet, Wi-Fi, and a beautiful view of the garden. Can’t wait to taste Brazil’s typical flavors? Grab a bite at the restaurant or have a drink at the bar! 

    • Address: Rua do Mandacaru, s/n
    • Price range: $$$$

    Ciamat Camp

    Aerial view of the camp-style Ciamat Camp, highlighting thatched kiosks and a deck by the water surrounded by vegetation.
    .

    This camping-style accommodation is perfect for people who want closer contact with nature without giving up comfort. Surrounded by a lake and lush vegetation, Ciamat Camp offers special facilities for water sports, a beautiful garden, a private beach area, and activities like fishing and canoeing.

    Every air-conditioned room is equipped with double or single beds, private bathrooms, and rustic decor. In the morning, fill your belly with an incredible breakfast (including vegetarian and Italian menus).

    • Address: Rua Sempre Virgem, 13
    • Price range: $$$$$

    OIÁ Casa Lençóis

    Blending design, comfort, originality, and a sophisticated simplicity, OIÁ Casa Lençóis features spacious accommodations—from house suites to bungalows—equipped with king-size beds, air-conditioning, private bathrooms, and exclusive amenities.

    The hotel also offers privileged access to the most beautiful lagoons, elegant decor, haute cuisine, and a lovely rural atmosphere.

    • Address: R. Boca da Ilha, s/n – Rural

    Price range: $$$$$

    Vila do Junco

    Relaxing area at Vila do Junco with a blue swimming pool surrounded by wooden sun loungers, coconut trees, and thatched kiosks.
    .

    Vila do Junco provides a nature-immersive stay experience due to its location amidst green vegetation, well-kept gardens, and rustic, wooden facilities. The rooms are beautiful bungalows with spacious beds, private bathrooms, closets, and ceiling fans or air conditioning.

    After a long day in Lençóis Maranhenses, relax on the deck by the pool, take a nap on a hammock, and eat delicious Brazilian or Italian food (also with vegetarian, vegan, and lactose-free options). 

    • Address: Rua do Mandacaru, s/n
    • Price range: $$$$

    Pousada Cajueiro

    Modest but authentic and offering excellent services, Pousada Cajueiro is particularly recommended for couples.

    In each room, enjoy double beds, air-conditioning, flat-screen TVs, private bathrooms, and free Wi-Fi. Breakfast included (buffet or continental). 

    • Address: Rua Oswaldo Cruz, s/n
    • Price range: $$$

    Vila Capininga Ecopousada 

    Rustic outdoor social area of an inn, covered by an irregular wooden structure and furnished with comfortable white sofas and blue chairs.
    .

    It’s not unusual to find Vila Capininga Ecopousada fully booked due to the beauty of its facilities, high-quality services, and fair prices.

    Enjoy air-conditioned rooms, double or queen-size beds, work desks, free amenities, private bathrooms, flat-screen TVs, internet connection, hammocks, charming social areas, and delicious homemade food. 

    • Address: Vila Povoado Arredores – Rua da Fazenda, 01 – Malhadinha
    • Price range: $$$

    Pousada Giro das Dunas 

    Giro das Dunas is a cozy inn over 500 meters away from downtown Santo Amaro. The apartments include single or double beds, TVs, private bathrooms, and balconies with a lovely view of the pool.

    It also includes a sun deck, a shared lounge, a garden, free Wi-Fi, a restaurant, and car rental service.

    • Address: Rua das Flores, 143
    • Price range: $$

    Where to stay in Atins?

    With a population of only 1,500 inhabitants, Atins is a small village located in a fairly isolated share of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, in Barreirinhas, by the mouth of the Preguiças River and the Atlantic Ocean. Aside from the lagoons, Atins Beach is also a fantastic spot to visit—especially for kitesurfers.

    Lush aerial landscape of Atins, highlighting the green vegetation, sandbanks, and the meeting of the Preguiças River waters with the ocean.
    @lubritofotografia

    The only way to get to Atins is by four-wheel drive or boat, but the picturesque charm, the kind-hearted people, and the jaw-dropping landscapes are worth the effort. 

    👉 Read more: When is the best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses?

    La Ferme De Georges

    Vertical aerial shot of a rectangular turquoise swimming pool with a smooth wooden deck and loungers at the luxurious La Ferme De Georges.
    .

    Where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses when you’re looking for a 5-star accommodation with beautiful facilities and exclusive services? La Ferme De Georges is a luxury inn based on high-end experiences and sustainable practices.

    Built with eco-friendly materials, the chalets are spacious and elegant, all of them featuring  comfortable beds, air conditioning, mini fridges, private bathrooms, and premium amenities.

    In the common areas, guests can relax and have fun in the swimming pool, sun deck, volleyball court, entertainment lounge, or bar. Specialized in Brazilian food, the restaurant uses fresh ingredients harvested in La Ferme de George’s own farm.

    • Address: Rua Principal, s/n – Atins
    • Price range: $$$$$

    Muita Paz

    Elegant and bright interior of a chalet at Muita Paz inn, focused on a double bed covered by a large translucent mosquito net.
    .

    Rated by previous guests as an excellent resort, Muita Paz is located by the sea on a private beach and surrounded by hundreds of coconut trees.

    The ocean view chalets are beautifully decorated and equipped with king or queen-size beds, air-conditioning or ceiling fans, work desks, mini fridges, and private bathrooms. 

    A wonderful fine dining restaurant, spa, kitesurfing lessons, and exclusive activities in Lençóis Maranhenses guarantee an unforgettable stay. 

    • Address: Rua Principal, s/n – Atins
    • Price range: $$$$$

    Anacardier Privé Hotel

    Anacardier is an adult-only hotel with luxury suites and bungalows, a swimming pool, a well-kept garden, a fine dining restaurant, and an open-air terrace facing a beautiful view of the national park.

    The sophisticated accommodations are perfectly balanced with the bucolic charm of Lençóis, creating an experience of pure relaxation and connection with the dunes.

    • Address: Rua Principal, s/n – Atins

    Price range: $$$$$

    Vila Aty Lodge

    Great for families and couples, Vila Aty Lodge is a six-minute walk away from Atins Beach. Common areas include a swimming pool, a garden, a vegetable garden, an entertainment area for children, a bar, and a restaurant.

    The air-conditioned suites have single and double beds, TVs, toiletries, closets, and bathrooms. Some units also feature private balconies. 

    • Address: Rua Principal, s/n – Atins
    • Price range: $$$

    Charme Atins

    Cozy room lined with darkened wood panels at Charme Atins, with a double bed and open doors to a balcony with a hammock.
    .

    Seven minutes away from Praia do Atins, this beautiful accommodation offers chalets for families and suites for couples. All of them are equipped with comfy beds, TVs, air-conditioning, and private bathrooms.

    Charme Atins is known in the area for its great activities, such as sunset contemplation in privileged locations and breakfast or lunch right in the dunes.

    • Address: Rua Alegria, s/n – Atins
    • Price range: $$$

    Rancharia Charme Atins

    Three minutes away from Atins Beach and right at the village’s main street, Rancharia Charme Beach is as charming as its name suggests.

    Besides the great rooms ideal for families and couples, some of this accommodation’s highlights include beautiful natural views, a swimming pool, a beach tennis court, and a sushi bar. 

    • Address: Rua Principal, s/n – Atins
    • Price range: $$

    Pousada Jurará

    Respectively 200 and 400 meters away from Atins Beach and Lençóis Maranhenses National Park, Pousada Jurará offers apartments with double or single beds, air-conditioning, mini fridges, toiletries, and private bathrooms.

    It also includes a restaurant, a bar, a breakfast buffet, kite surfing lessons, and free Wi-Fi.

    • Address: Rua Principal, s/n – Atins
    • Price range: $$

    Visiting Lençóis Maranhenses with PlanetaEXO

    Now that you know where to stay in Lençóis Maranhenses, shall we start planning your vacation?

    PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours, takes care of everything for you—from bookings to transfers and tailor-made itineraries. When you travel with us, all you have to do is enjoy the moment. Contact us now!

  • 10 facts about Chapada Diamantina National Park

    10 facts about Chapada Diamantina National Park

    Curious about Chapada Diamantina in Brazil? From its creation to unmissable natural wonders, learn everything about the national park!

    Chapada Diamantina, in Brazil, is an ecotourism destination that attracts adventure lovers from all over the world to explore its stunning natural beauty, including mountains, caves, waterfalls, fantastic trails, and the national park.

    The first fact about the Chapada Diamantina National Park is that its importance has been well-known since its creation in 1985, when a conservation unit was established to protect the Serra do Sincorá, a mountain range located in the heart of the Bahia state.

    a man sitting under a rocky overhang observing a vast green valley and flat-topped mountains in Chapada Diamantina.
    .

    Do you want to know more about your next vacation spot? PlanetaEXO, an ecotourism platform specializing in Chapada Diamantina tours, has put together 10 facts about this fantastic place. Check them out below!

    1. An Arizona Man in Brazil

    It may seem unusual, but an American from Arizona played a key role in the creation of the Chapada Diamantina National Park. In 1977, biologist Roy Funch traveled to Brazil as part of the Peace Corps, a United States federal agency that sends Americans to work on projects in developing countries.

    American biologist Roy Funch, former director and key figure in the creation of Chapada Diamantina National Park, talking outdoors.
    Reprodução: Rede Globo

    He worked on the management of national parks alongside other specialists through the Brazilian Institute for Forestry Development (IBDF), now the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation (ICMBio). The group worked in Brasília, but one day they traveled to Bahia with the intention of trekking—an uncommon practice in Brazil at the time—in Chapada Diamantina.

    Roy was enchanted by the place, but he was also impressed by the presence of mining. Although the practice was already in decline in the late 1970s, it was still strong enough to damage the ecosystem. Around the same time, he moved permanently to the Chapada region and began working as a guide. Meanwhile, he translated scientific articles, earned a living with handicrafts, trained other guides, and wrote books about the area.

    Seeing Chapada’s potential to conserve natural resources and revitalize the mining community, Roy had the idea of ​​creating a trail connecting the city of Lençóis to Vale do Capão and began campaigning for the creation of a national park. In 1979, he sent a letter to Brazilian authorities with the proposal and reactivated contacts he had made over the years with people that could help him achieve his goal.

    In September 1985, the Chapada Diamantina National Park was founded. Roy Funch was the first director, holding the position for six years. Soon after, he officially became a Brazilian citizen. To this day, he lives in Lençóis, very close to the park.

    2. Larger Than Some Countries

    The Chapada Diamantina National Park in Brazil spans around 1,521 km² (152,000 hectares). The area is so massive it’s bigger than some small countries and administrative regions, including the Faroe Islands (1,393 km²), Hong Kong (1,114 km²), Singapore (745 km²), Malta (315 km²), and the Maldives (300 km²).

    Panoramic view of the vast valley and green mountains illuminated by the sun under a blue sky in Chapada Diamantina National Park.
    .

    3. The World’s Largest Black Diamond

    In the 18th and 19th centuries, Chapada Diamantina was the strongest diamond mining area on Earth. In 1895, over a hundred years before mining was completely banned (1996), the world’s largest black diamond was found, weighing 3,167 carats.

    Sepia-toned historical photograph of two miners working on diamond exploration in a river in the Chapada Diamantina region.
    .

    Named The Sérgio—in honor of the miner who found it, Sérgio Borges de Oliveira—the stone was sold for several thousand dollars to a British diamond merchant, who arranged for replicas and sent them to London.

    The original Sérgio was broken into pieces and sold for industrial use. In 2024, the Mineralogy Museum of Paris sent a replica to Brazil.

    4. Once Covered by Sea

    Another fascinating fact about Chapada Diamantina National Park is that nearly 2 billion years ago, the region was covered by the Espinhaço Sea.

    Tourist in an orange shirt sitting on a rock formation overlooking the vastness of a green valley in Chapada Diamantina.
    .

    Over time, the landscapes changed drastically due to climate change and the tectonic plates’ movement, which left deep cracks and depressions that currently make up its complex geology. 

    👉 Read more: When is the Best Time to Visit Chapada Diamantina?

    5. Award-winning Trekking Destination

    Vale do Pati, located within the Chapada Diamantina National Park, won the award of best trekking destination in Brazil from the Ministry of Tourism in 2010.

    In addition to the length of the trek (more than 70 km), the location was also recognized for its beauty, which features waterfalls, caves, and native flora and fauna.

    6. Hundreds of Waterfalls

    With over 300 officially cataloged waterfalls, a refreshing dip amidst the breathtaking landscapes of Chapada is a great reward for hikers who traverse long kilometers of trekking through uneven terrain and mountains.

    Person standing on a large rock admiring a gigantic waterfall cascading down immense rock walls in Chapada Diamantina.
    Photo: Lucas Ribeiro

    It’s impossible to see them all in a single trip, but you can’t miss visiting the most iconic ones: Fumaça, Fumacinha, Buracão, Cachoeirão, Funil, Buracão, and Mosquito.

    👉 Read more: Chapada Diamantina Waterfalls: Best Trails and Hidden Gems

    7. A Paradise for Cave Explorers

    The city of Iraquara, which is part of the Chapada Diamantina complex, is home to nearly one hundred caves, including some of the most famous in the region, such as the Gruta do Lapa Doce, Gruta do Pratinha, Gruta do Torrinha, and Gruta Azul.

    Interior of a cave with impressive geological formations, stalactites, and stalagmites under warm artificial lighting in Chapada Diamantina.
    .

    In other cities, it’s also worth visiting the Poço Azul (Nova Redenção), Poço Encantado (Itaetê), Gruta do Lapão (Lençóis), and Gruta da Paixão (Andaraí).

    8. Home to Various Species of Animals and Plants

    Brazil’s Chapada Diamantina features a high biodiversity that blends fauna and flora from the Cerrado, Caatinga, and Atlantic Forest biomes.

    Bird with vibrant green plumage and colorful details perched on a thin branch, illustrating the rich biodiversity of Chapada Diamantina.
    .

    When it comes to animals, the birds stand out, including crested caracaras, potoos, and the endemic hooded visorbearer. In the mammals family, it’s possible to find lesser anteaters, black-tufted marmosets, and, more rarely, pumas.

    The flora is just as rich, especially regarding the variety of orchids, bromeliads, and cacti. During trekking, it’s not hard to find colorful flowers adorning the low-lying vegetation.

    👉 Read more: 20 Animals in Brazil – Wildlife Facts and Where to Find Them

    9. Perfect for Digital Detox

    If you’re looking for total disconnection from the intensity of city life, then Chapada Diamanatina is the perfect destination for you, as cell service in the park is spotty at best and totally non-existent most of the time.

    Tourist relaxing sitting directly under the large, refreshing water flow of a waterfall in Chapada Diamantina National Park.
    .

    Not only is this great for a digital detox, but it also allows you to truly immerse yourself in the experience and realize that nature is much more fulfilling than endless scrolling.

    10. Tour Guides Are Your Best Friends

    Tour guides are essential if you want to learn more about the history and cultural facts about the Chapada Diamantina National Park.

    Tour guide wearing a blue shirt and a tourist analyzing a trail map together at a mountainous viewpoint in Chapada Diamantina National Park.
    .

    These qualified professionals are also essential for your safety, as they know the region like the back of their hand and are aware of all the potential dangers that could jeopardize your trip.

    When traveling to Chapada Diamantina, always follow your guide’s instructions!

    Deep dive into Chapada Diamantina National Park, Brazil, with PlanetaEXO

    See how fascinating Chapada is? To experience all these wonders firsthand, start planning your trip!

    PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform specializing in Chapada Diamantina tours. From bookings to accommodations and tailor-made itineraries, we partner with the best local operators to guarantee sustainable travel and an unforgettable vacation for our clients. Contact us now!

  • A solo rider crosses the white sand dunes of Lençóis Maranhenses National Park on horseback, with a rainwater lagoon stretching behind her.

    Crossing Lençóis Maranhenses on Horseback: Patricia’s Solo Adventure in Brazil

    One traveler, four weeks, and a horseback crossing of Brazil’s most surreal desert—told in her own words

    Some of the best trips are the ones you never planned. Patricia George, 31, a physiotherapist from Germany, was supposed to be surfing in Bali. A week before departure, her flights—routed over Abu Dhabi—were canceled because of the war. She wanted somewhere warm with good waves; a friend from São Paulo told her to go to Brazil, and that was that. It was her first time in the country and her first time in South America—solo for four weeks.

    She started in São Paulo, surfed for 5 days in Ubatuba, then worked her way through Paraty, Rio de Janeiro, and Ilha Grande before flying north to Lençóis Maranhenses National Park—a 155,000-hectare stretch of white dunes and rainwater lagoons in the state of Maranhão, recognized as a national park by ICMBio. Of every place she saw in Brazil, this was her favorite. “It was really, really impressive,” she said. “Nothing like I've ever seen before.”

    Patricia ventured through the dunes and lagoons on horseback, an experience organized and led by PlanetaEXO’s team and local partners. Now, we share her story to show you what a horseback crossing of Lençóis Maranhenses really feels like. Check it out below!

    A rider since age 10 (but never on sand)

    Patricia didn’t pick the horseback crossing as a novelty. She’s been riding since she was a child, so the saddle was familiar territory. The terrain was not. “I've been riding since I was 10,” she shared, “but riding on the sand is very different.”

    Crossing the dunes is nothing like circling a field at home: the ground shifts, the horse works harder, and the route runs for hours between lagoons rather than around a fenced ring.

    For an experienced rider, that contrast is exactly the point; the skill carries over, but the setting turns a familiar activity into something new.

    A rider in a cap pauses to stroke her horse's nose on the white dunes of Lençóis Maranhenses at sunset.
    Riding on sand is very different — but the bond is the same.

    👉 Read more: Best time to visit Lençóis Maranhenses

    Days in the saddle, with no signal and no rush

    What stayed with Patricia most was the remoteness. The group was out on the horses all day, far from cell phone reception, with nothing pulling at her attention.

    “We were out on the horses all day long, and you just had the time to think,” she reflected. “You don’t have that a lot in your normal day.” In a park where the rainwater lagoons sit between dunes that reach as high as 40 meters, the landscape does the talking. There’s no playlist, no notifications—just sand, water, and the pace of the horse.

    That kind of disconnection is part of why the horseback riding in Lençóis Maranhenses lands so differently from a typical day trip. You don’t just visit the dunes, but you connect with nature and live inside them for a few days.

    A turquoise rainwater lagoon nestled between white sand dunes under a bright blue sky in Lençóis Maranhenses.
    Rainwater lagoons sit between dunes up to 40 meters high.

    👉 Read more: How was Lençóis Maranhenses formed: understanding Brazil’s sand dunes and lagoons

    The guide who reads the landscape

    In a place with no roads, no signs, and no signal, the guide is everything. Patricia’s left a strong impression.

    “I was very impressed by my guide, by how he could read the landscape and knew exactly where to go,” she remembered. “Without my phone or Google Maps, I would have been totally lost.”

    He had been doing the route for years and knew everyone along the way, which gave the whole trip the feel of a small, working community rather than a tourist circuit. As we told Patricia, a guide can make or break a trip, and in a place like Lençóis, they’re truly essential.

    A rider stands beside her horse on the dunes, looking out over a lagoon in the roadless interior of Lençóis Maranhenses.
    With no roads or signposts, the guide reads the landscape.

    Traveling solo as a woman

    Before leaving, Patricia heard the usual concern. “People said, ‘Are you sure you want to go? Brazil isn’t the safest place, especially for a woman.’” Despite the warnings, her experience ran the other way.

    “I honestly always felt safe in those four weeks,” she said. Because the trip was so spontaneous, she arrived without rigid expectations and stayed open to whatever came. That mindset paid off, especially when considering how every booking was last-minute—she made the best of all of it.

    That’s not to say every night was easy. On the first one, she stayed in a large open-area lodge and noticed she was the only woman there apart from the host. Patricia felt a bit scared, but since no one bothered her, she felt comfortable fast.

    The second night was less unnerving and more absurd: her house sat elevated off the ground behind a fence meant to keep animals out, but the pigs were too strong, broke through, and held a noisy turf war underneath the floorboards all night. The situation was definitely a rush, though everything turned out fine in the end.

    A traveler leads a horse on foot across the vast white dunes of Lençóis Maranhenses under a cloudy sky.
    Days in the saddle across a roadless desert of sand and water.

    👉 Read more: Ecotourism in Brazil boosts solo travel for women through planning and support networks

    Friendly, distant, and fully present

    Traveling without Portuguese had a cost. Locals were warm, but the language gap kept conversations short. “It was friendly but distant,” Patricia confessed, and if she comes back, learning some Portuguese is at the top of her list so she can actually ask questions and connect.

    Even at a distance, one thing landed clearly. “The people seem like they’re actually living life,” she told us, describing how the locals were always present in what they were doing, far less hectic than the countries she’d visited before.

    Low season meant her crossing was just her and the guide, but the lodges still brought company: she met two French travelers doing the same route on foot and played cards with them in the evenings.

    Two saddled horses rest on the sand beside a dune lagoon during a low-season crossing of Lençóis Maranhenses.
    Low season: just one rider, a guide, and the horses.

    👉 Read more: How to get to Lençóis Maranhenses?

    Why simple was the right call

    Patricia knew going in that the accommodation would be basic. She wouldn’t have it any other way. “I knew it would be simple, but I think that’s what makes the trip authentic. Any kind of luxury would just feel out of place.”

    In a setting this raw, comfort isn’t the selling point, but honesty surely is. The reward was personal: the trip, she said, “made me more confident,” which is no small thing for a first long solo journey across an unfamiliar continent.

    She’s already eyeing a return, this time to the Amazon, drawn to the jungle lodges and river cruises deep in the rainforest.

    An aerial view of a riverboat winding through the flooded forest and river channels of the Brazilian Amazon.
    Patricia's next dream: jungle lodges and river cruises in the Amazon.

    Ride Lençóis Maranhenses with PlanetaEXO

    Now that you’ve seen Patricia’s crossing through her own eyes, you know what the dunes ask of you—and what they give back: days in the saddle, total disconnection, and a guide who knows the sand by heart.

    PlanetaEXO is an ecotourism platform specializing in Lençóis Maranhenses tours. Working alongside experienced local guides and operators, we handle the logistics so you can focus on the ride, from your first booking to an unforgettable crossing of one of Brazil’s most surreal landscapes. Contact us now!